Widows and orphans are single lines of text left at the top or bottom of a page, which can disrupt the flow and appearance of a book layout. To handle this, book layout design services UK use professional typesetting techniques such as adjusting line spacing, margins, or breaking paragraphs to ensure that no lines are left awkwardly on a page. This creates a more polished and aesthetically pleasing layout, enhancing readability and overall design quality.